Main concepts and terms related to field of competition and their brief explanation

Main concepts and terms related to field of competition and their brief explanation

 

unfair competition — actions of an economic entity or a group of persons aimed at acquiring advantages in carrying out economic activities that are contrary to legislation, business customs and cause or may cause losses to other economic entities (competitors) or cause or may damage their business reputation;

economic concentration — the conclusion of transactions and (or) other actions leading to the predominance of an economic entity or group of persons, which affects the state of competition in the goods or financial market;

financial market — the scope of circulation of financial services provided by banks and other credit, insurance and other financial organizations, as well as the services of professional participants in the securities market in the Republic of Uzbekistan or part thereof, which may not coincide with the administrative-territorial division of the Republic of Uzbekistan and within which there is the possibility of its provision;

competition — the competitiveness of business entities (competitors) in which their independent actions exclude or limit the ability of each of them to unilaterally affect the general conditions for the circulation of goods on the goods or financial market;

digital platform — an information system that provides paid or free use of digital products through worldwide Internet information network;

natural monopoly —  the state of commodity market, in which, due to technological features, it is impossible or economically inexpedient to create competitive conditions for satisfying demand for a certain type of goods;

natural monopoly entity — an economic entity or a group of persons carry out activities in production and (or) sale of goods under conditions of natural monopoly;

product — an activity product intended for acquisition and sale, including work and services;

commodity market — the sphere of circulation of goods (including interchangeably) on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan or its part, which may not coincide with the administrative-territorial division of the Republic of Uzbekistan and within whose borders there is the possibility of its acquisition or sale;

business entity — a legal entity, including a foreign one, an economic management body, as well as an individual entrepreneur engaged in the production, acquisition and sale of goods.

Antimonopoly compliance – a system of internal organizational measures and procedures to ensure that activities comply with the requirements of competition law, identify risks of their violation and prevent these risks;

Dominant position – the position of an economic entity or a group of persons in the commodity or financial market, giving him (her) the opportunity to carry out its activities independently of competing economic entities and have a decisive influence on the state of competition, impede access to the relevant market to other business entities or otherwise restrict freedom their economic activities.

Conflict of interest – a situation in which a personal interest conflicts (actual conflict of interest) or in some cases may conflict (potential conflict of interest) with the interests of the enterprise;

counter-advertising – a refutation of unreliable advertising (unfair, deliberately false), distributed in order to eliminate the consequences caused by it or which may lead to them;

unethical advertising – advertising that, through use of offensive words, images and comparisons relating to gender, race, nationality, language, religion, social origin, beliefs, personal and social status of persons, violates generally accepted norms of humanity and morality, encroaches on objects of art, historical and architectural monuments, constituting a national or world cultural heritage, discredits the state symbols (flag, emblem, gymn), discredits the currency of the Republic of Uzbekistan;

social information – information, the dissemination of which does not have the goal of direct or indirect profit (income), addressed to an indefinite circle of people and aimed at achieving socially useful goals in the areas of charity and healthcare, environmental protection, conservation of energy resources, crime prevention, social protection and security of the population, spirituality and enlightenment, ensuring the interests of society and the state, as well as other information of a non-commercial nature;

improper advertising – unreliable, unethical, hidden advertising, as well as other advertising that does not comply with the requirements of this Law;

unreliable (unscrupulous, knowingly false) advertising — advertising that, as a result of inaccuracy, ambiguity, exaggeration, silence, violation of the requirements regarding the time, place and method of distribution and other requirements provided for by law, misleads or may mislead users of advertising, cause material losses and moral harm to legal entities and individuals, as well as the interests of society and the state;

enabling action — advertising carried out in the form of an event, contest, game, encouraging users of advertising to perform certain actions, including the condition for participation in which is the purchase of the advertised goods;

advertising — special information distributed using any advertising media, the content of which is addressed to advertising users located on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and is intended to draw attention to the object of advertising, generate or maintain interest in it, as well as promote it on the market for the purpose of directly or indirectly receiving profit (income);

advertiser — a natural or legal person who is a resident or non-resident of the Republic of Uzbekistan, who manufactures or sells the advertised goods, or another person who has determined the object of advertising and (or) the content of advertising, including the sponsor;

advertising means — means used to bring advertising to its consumer;

advertising space (location of the object (construction) of external advertising and information) — a specially allocated and (or) allotted territory (soil, asphalt, green territory, etc.), a certain surface area of a building, structure on which an object (structure) of outdoor advertising and information is installed;

advertising place passport – a document issued by the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, khokimiyats of regions and the city of Tashkent, confirming the right of legal entities and individuals to place objects (constructions) of outdoor advertising and information specified in this document on a land plot, building or structure, regardless of form their property;

advertising place passport holder – a legal or natural person who has acquired the right to place an object (structure) of outdoor advertising and information on a state-owned land plot, building or structure on the basis of an open electronic auction through a single electronic trading platform or on privatized land plots, as well as buildings or structures that are in private ownership – on the basis of an agreement concluded with owner of a privatized land plot, building or structure;

object of advertising – a product to attract attention to which advertising is directed, including events, technologies, means of individualization, results of intellectual activity, as well as information about individuals or legal entities;

advertising activities – activities related to the performance of works and services in the field of advertising circulation;

advertising producer – an individual or legal entity that is a resident or non-resident of the Republic of Uzbekistan, carrying out the transformation of information into a fully or partially ready for distribution (placement) form of advertising;

advertising distributor – an individual or legal entity that is a resident or non-resident of the Republic of Uzbekistan, distributing advertising by means of advertising;

advertising user – a person or group of persons to whom advertising is directed;

external advertising – graphic, text or other advertising, designed for visual perception of an indefinite circle of persons, placed on objects (constructions) of external advertising and information;

integrated advertising – advertising of goods in films, audio and video products, on-air television and radio programs, works of art, images, computer games and other works in the form of a main or secondary prop, an image of a trademark (service mark) corresponding to an existing product or a mention of it in any form;

hidden advertising – advertising that has an unconscious effect on the user’s perception of advertising by using special video inserts (double sound recording) and other methods;

comparative advertising – advertising that directly or indirectly identifies a competitor or a competitive product;

sponsored advertising — advertising distributed on the condition that it must mention a certain person as a sponsor;

cash checks — a document confirming the purchase of goods or payment of work (service), indicated the price of goods (work, service), the date of payment and the number of cash desk;

a check — a document confirming the purchase of the goods or payment of work (service), indicated the price of the goods (works, services), the date of payment and the name and address of the seller.